The ability to cope with auditory distraction appears to be related to the WM demands of the task and thus the capacity to deploy cognitive control.Ĭognitive control refers to a set of complex cognitive mechanisms that collectively coordinate flexible and goal-directed behavior and include working memory (WM), attention, conflict monitoring, contextual anticipation and inference, inhibition and action selection ( Egner, 2017). Taken together, our results indicate that aADHD are more susceptible to noise interference when they are engaged in a primary task. Because performance outcomes were on par with controls for this task, we suggest that this increased functional connectivity in aADHD was likely an adaptive mechanism for suboptimal listening conditions. In the ATD task, we observed a significant increase in functional communications between auditory and salience networks in aADHD. ![]() Heightened auditory activity to task-irrelevant sound was associated with both poorer WM performance and symptomatic inattentiveness. Results indicated that our sample of young aADHD ( n = 17), compared to typically developed controls ( n = 17), had difficulty attenuating auditory cortical responses to the task-irrelevant sound when WM demands were high (2-back). Participants completed two tasks: an auditory target detection (ATD) task in which the goal was to actively detect salient oddball tones amidst a stream of standard tones in noise, and a visual n-back task consisting of 0-, 1-, and 2-back WM conditions whilst concurrently ignoring the same tonal signal from the ATD task. In the current study, we explored the effects of auditory distraction as function of working memory (WM) load. Auditory distraction is a frequently cited symptom in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (aADHD)–yet few task-based fMRI studies have explored whether deficits in cognitive control (associated with the disorder) impedes on the ability to suppress/compensate for exogenously evoked cortical responses to noise in this population. 6Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, SwedenĬognitive control provides us with the ability to inter alia, regulate the locus of attention and ignore environmental distractions in accordance with our goals.5Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.4Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.3Department of Psychiatry, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.2Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.1Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.Rina Blomberg 1,2* Andrea Johansson Capusan 3,4,5 Carine Signoret 1,2 Henrik Danielsson 1,2 Jerker Rönnberg 1,2,6
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